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Abertzale left
Abertzale left ((バスク語:Ezker abertzalea), (スペイン語:Izquierda abertzale) "patriotic left") is a term used to refer to the parties or organizations of the Basque nationalist/separatist left, stretching from social democracy to communism.
This leftist character is highlighted in contrast to the traditional ''jeltzale'' nationalism〔''Jeltzale'' comes from JEL, acronym of ''Jaungoikoa Eta Lagizarrak'', which literally means "God and old laws" and refers to the political thought of Sabino Arana.〕 represented by the Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ-PNV), a conservative and Christian-democratic party, which has long been the largest in the Basque Country. The first examples of ''abertzale'' parties are the Basque Nationalist Republican Party (EAAE-PRNV), active from 1909 to 1913,〔Cecilia Arrozarena, ''El roble y la ceiba. Historia de los vascos en Cuba'', ISBN 84-8136-357-X, Txalaparta, 2003〕 and the Basque Nationalist Action (EAE-ANV), active from 1930 to 2008.〔Santiago de Pablo, (''Un partido con historia'' ), ''El Correo'', 14 April 2007.〕 They represented the non-confessional Basque nationalist references when ETA was formed in 1959 by younger generations. ''Ezker abertzalea'' (or, in Spanish, ''izquierda abertzale'') is notably used when referring to the leftist-nationalist environment of Batasuna, an outlawed political party.〔Jesús María Casquete Badallo, (''Abertzale sí pero, ¿quién dijo que de izquierda?'' ), ''El Viejo Topo'', ISSN 0210-2706, n. 268, 2010, pp. 14-19.〕
More recently, in 1986, a left-wing splinter group of EAJ-PNV led by Carlos Garaikoetxea formed a new social-democratic party, Basque Solidarity (EA). After ETA's permanent ceasefire (2010), EA engaged in a convergence process with the scattered historic Basque nationalist left closer to ETA. In 2011–2012, they joined forces in forming a succession of coalitions: Bildu, Amaiur and, finally, Euskal Herria Bildu. A group of former members of Batasuna were identified by the media as independents of ''izquierda abertzale''.〔http://www.eitb.com/en/news/politics/detail/748538/basque-leftwing-nationalists-launch-new-coalition-party-amaiur/〕〔http://www.gara.net/paperezkoa/20110915/290797/es/Izquierda-abertzale-EA-Alternatiba-Aralar-cierran-contenidos-pacto-20-N〕〔http://ccaa.elpais.com/ccaa/2012/06/09/paisvasco/1339264728_612106.html〕
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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